LibGuides: Open science practices at Centria University of Applied Sciences: Käyttöoikeuksien jakaminen Creative Commons -lisensseillä

Sharing permissions

Licensing refers to the granting of a licence for use.

Creative Commons 4.0 (CC) licenses are commonly used to define licenses.
With CC licenses, the author of a publication or the owner of the data can define the degree of publicity and access rights of their work.
In CC licensing, the author must always be mentioned, with the exception of the CC0 license.
Data protection must be ensured if the data contains personal data. Only anonymised data can be shared.
If third-party data is used, it must be ensured that the data has such permissions and licenses that enable data sharing.
The guidelines for open science and research recommend a Creative Commons 4.0 (CC-BY-4.0) licence for research publications and data.

Instructions for using CC licenses

Explore CC licenses
Choose a license - Creative Commons Site License Selector
Guidelines on open licensing related to copyright for researchers and scientific publishers
Webinars:
- Toikkanen, Tarmo. Copyrights and rights of use in an open operating culture: part 1: licensing issues in an open operating culture in principle and in practice. Go to the webinar.
- Toikkanen, Tarmo. Copyrights and Usage Rights in an Open Operating Culture: Part 2: Special Issues and Situations in an Open Operating Culture. Go to the webinar.
- Toikkanen, Tarmo. Copyrights and rights of use in an open operating culture: part 3: Questions. Go to the webinar.

Choose a CC license

The Creative Commons license system includes four basic licenses that can be combined to create seven different licenses as shown in the diagram below.
Using the questions presented in the diagram, you will end up choosing the right license for your purpose.

picture 1 - source; Theseus - Which license to choose?

CC Licenses and Their Meanings

Creative Commons (CC) licenses allow copyright holders to express the conditions under which they make their work available to others. The latest CC 4.0 licensing system is globally applicable, which also takes into account inventory and database protection. It consists of four combinable criteria that define the use of the work:

CC BY (Attribution): credit must be given to the creator.

CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial): You may share and adapt the material for non-commercial purposes only, with attribution.

CC BY-ND (Attribution-NoDerivatives): You may share the material, even commercially, but you cannot modify it.

CC BY-SA (Attribution-ShareAlike): Same as CC BY, but adaptations must be shared under the same license.

By combining these four license elements, six Creative Commons licenses are formed:

BY Attribution

BY-SA Attribution-ShareAlike

BY-ND Attribution-NoDerivatives

BY-NC Attribution-NonCommercial

BY-NC-SA Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike

BY-NC-ND Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives

In addition, copyright-free material is marked as follows (copyright term expired or all rights waived):

Public Domain / CC0

Source: Open Science and the Use of Images, Aalto University

Open CC licenses are:

CC BY or Attribution: The author gives permission for others to copy, transmit, distribute and perform his/her work and its modified version, as long as the author and the license of the work are referenced with a link and any changes are clearly stated. Modified versions must not infringe the nature of the original author's work.
CC BY-SA or Attribution and ShareAlike: The author gives permission for others to copy, transmit, distribute and perform his or her work and the modified version of it, as long as the author and the license of the work are referenced by reference and any changes are clearly stated. If an editor publishes a modified version, it must be published under the same license. Modified versions must not infringe the nature of the original author's work.

The right to edit makes it easier to adapt the material to a different course or course, for example, enables the translation of the material into another language, which increases its international use, and enables the subtitling of video recordings and the conversion of texts into speech recordings, which improves their accessibility

Restrictive licenses:

Materials licensed under restrictive licenses are not open educational materials in which the user by definition always has the right to copy, transmit, distribute and present the material and its modified versions. Even when publishing learning materials with more limited user rights, CC licenses are often the most convenient way to indicate what rights the user has to use the material.

CC-BY-ND – The work may also be freely used and distributed for commercial purposes, but the work may not be modified or modified. For example, cropping an image and translating text are variations.
CC-BY-NC – The work may be freely used, distributed, and modified, but may not be used for commercial purposes. Please note that licenses with an NC condition are problematic for open access publishing, as it is difficult to define commercial use unambiguously. The use of this license may also limit research collaboration with companies.
CC BY-NC-SA – Like CC BY-SA, but commercial use excluded from the license.
CC BY-NC-ND – Like CC BY-ND, but commercial use excluded from the license.

Waiver of Copyright

CC0 license. The author has released his or her work for free use by waiving his or her copyrights to the extent possible. Attribution is not required. In all cases, citation is not technically practical if data is combined from different sources and there are many factors. However, it is good scientific practice to mention the authors, and it is not always even possible to waive the so-called right of paternity to a work. The CCO license is suitable for sharing data and metadata. The data does not necessarily have a clear author, and the data alone does not receive copyright protection, but the form in which it is presented (e.g. a database).