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Centria Guide for Thesis and Academic Writing

Standards and patents

Standards

As for standards, established acronyms are used. For example, the abbreviation for the Finnish Standards Association is SFS. The standards are listed in the reference list as follows:

Organization for standardization. Number of the standard. Name of the standard Year of establishing the standard. Place of publishing: Publisher.

SFS-EN IEC 62859. Nuclear power plants - Instrumentation and control systems - Requirements for coordinating safety and cybersecurity. 2020. Helsinki: Finnish Standards Association SFS.

 

In the case of an electronic standard, the permanent address and the reference date are added at the end of the reference

IEEE 1902.1 Standard for Long Wavelength Wireless Network Protocol. 2009. Available at: doi: 10.1109/IEEESTD.2009.4810102. Accessed 15 June 2020.

 

Patents
 

Patents are marked in the list of references as follows:

Author’s last name, the first letter of the author’s first name. Patenting year. Organization that owns the patentName of the patent. Country where patented and the patent number (by which the patent can be found in the patent register).

Melcer, S. 2006. SOFUN. Physical Exercise machine. USA US2006252612.